148 ELEVENTH EVENING. suppose, for so many curious works; what sort of knowledge is most necessary ? a Fa, There is not any which may not be occasionally employed ; but the two sciences which most assist the manufacturer are mechanics and chemistry. The one for building mills, working of mines, and in general for constructing wheels, wedges, pulleys, &c., either to ‘shorten the labour of man, by performing it in less time, or to perform what the strength of man alone could not accomplish :—the other in fusing and work- ing ores, in dyeing and bleaching, and extracting the virtues of various substances for particular uses; making of soap, for instance, is a chemical operation ; and,. by chemistry, an ingenious gentleman, some time ago, found out a way of bleaching a piece of cloth in eight-and-forty hours, which by the common process would have taken up a great many weeks._-You have heard of Sir Richard Arkwright, who died some years since P tien. Yes, I have heard he was at first only a barber, and shaved people for a penny apiece. a. He did so; but having a strong turn for mecha- nics, he invented, or at least perfected, a machine, by which one pair of hands might do the work of twenty or thirty ; and, as in this country every one is free to rise by merit, he acquired the largest fortune in the county, had a great many hundreds of workmen under his orders, and had leave given him by the king to put Ser before his name. flen. Did that do him any good? a. It pleased him, I suppose, or he would not have accepted of it; and you will allow, I imagine, that if titles are used, it does honour to those who bestow them, when they are given to such as have made them- selves noticed for something useful Arkwright used to say, that if he had time to perfect his inventions, he would put a fleece of wool into a box, and it should — eeme out broad-eloth. |