CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION .............................-. ..............-. ..-....... 5 NATIVE PASTURES ......... ............. ................... ... ................ 5 VALUE OF IMPROVED PERMANENT PASTURES ..........................-------..........--- 8 ESTABLISHING PERMANENT PASTURES ........... ......... .....----------...- 12 General Considerations ........................... --------............. 12 W ater Control and Fencing ................ .....------ ...----....... ... 12 Destroying Objectionable Vegetation ....---....-------...--..---...--......-. 13 Adapted Pasture Plants ...................---------------..................... 16 Fertilization -----.......... ... .............. -------....- .-.................. 18 Fertilizers for Establishing Pastures on Flat Pine and Prairie Land ..........---....~...-.....--- ......... ....----. .... 18 C Grasses ........... ...... .....--------- .................. 18 Legum es ....... ......... ... ... ..... ......... .......... ....... 24 For Hammock Soils ...........--.........--------- --------- 25 For Sandy and Muck Soils Underlaid with Lime .....................--. 25 Seedbed Preparation and Planting Technique .................................... 26 PASTURE MANAGEMENT ........................................------ ....... ............... 28 Fertilization of Established Pastures ..........--........----..............----- 28 Grasses --....................--------------------.. ...... 28 Legumes ........--.....--.... -..............------------ ---.............. 35 W eed Control ........--........-------------------. .....---.....---- ...-- 39 Grazing ...... -......----------- --- --......----.. ....-------.----... 40 Harvesting Seed .---.~...... ..------................ -.... --.. -----. 44 TEMPORARY PASTURES ...............-----........ .... ------------.......... 44 PASTURE PLANTS ..................... -...................... --... 47 Pasture Grasses ...~...- ....... ........... .... .... ............. 49 Pasture Legumes .......... ...--..... ........ ..-------.... -----.--. 61 SUMMARY ..................-------- -..... --..... .................. -- ...--. ..--- -. 71 APPENDIX TABLE 1 ............-......----... ..... ------- ......- ------74 APPENDIX TABLE 2 ...--......-.....--...............-- ---- .-....-..-- ... 78