including citrus seed oil, have Reichert-Meissl and Polenske
values of less than unity.
 Hehner Value.-This determination measures the amount of
fatty acids that are insoluble in water; and since most fatty
acids present in natural fats are not water soluble, these fats
have high Hehner values. Again, this term is not now generally
in use.
 Processing
 The processing procedure for citrus seed oil production which
has previously been in use in Florida has been described in part
by Hendrickson and Kesterson (27) and by the USDA, Agri-
cultural Research Service (50). Separation of seeds from the
peel, rag and pulp, or juice sacs may be accomplished in several
ways. By one method, the seed-containing material is dropped
into a rotating reel fixed with a coarse screen, and the finer ma-
terial (seeds and juice sacs) falls through the openings. Juice
sacs and small pieces of rag are separated from the seeds by a
paddle finisher. The recovered seeds are then limed and dried
to a moisture content of approximately 10% prior to extraction
of oil.
 A novel procedure for the separation of citrus seeds from
refuse material has been developed by W. A. Kirk (Patent
#3,330,410, July 11, 1967) of the Imperial Citrus By-Products
Corp., Lakeland, Florida (now defunct). This method is pre-
ferred, since whole refuse consisting of peel, rag, pulp, and seeds
-or, preferably, a mixture of pulp and seeds-can be separated.
The refuse material is transferred by a screw conveyor to a
scrambling device, which throws and distributes the material
evenly onto a slanted (30' slope) moving belt. At the instant
of contact, the seeds bounce off the belt, striking a baffle which
diverts them into a storage bin. The descending refuse is col-
lected at the end of the conveyor. Depending on the nature of
the refuse, wet or dry, a seed removal efficiency of some 60% to
80% is effected, the most efficient separation coming from rela-
tively dry refuse. The primary advantage of this system is a
relatively low initial cost, permitting the removal of seeds with-
out creating the waste water pollution problem normally en-
countered in the separation of seeds by screens or finishers. A
sufficient quantity of lime (0.15% to 0.25% Ca(OH)2) is added
to the seeds in the storage bin to prevent them from solidifying
(gel formation). The limed seeds are normally transported by
truck to a central collection point where they are dried, stored,
or processed.