programs and the social, economic, and political goals of citizens and community leaders. To be successful, large community conservation programs depend on local initiative and leadership; and this requires that we reach a better understanding of the relationship between energy conservation and broader community goals. CONCLUSION The high density urban areas of this country, and especially the older industrialized northern cities, have serious energy-related problems that are not likely to be solved by applying conservation measures to individual buildings. The means are available to greatly improve the efficiency of using domestic fuels (in cogeneration plants), to recover energy from municipal waste and industrial processes, and to make use of the renewable energy resources of nature; but such energy resources are generally found outside the urban areas. Realizing the potential benefit of such energy sources requires use of a district heating system to deliver energy throughout a community. District heating allows the high density urban areas to participate in improving the relationship between humanity and the natural environment.