DISTRIBUTION: Map XLII. AL, GA, MD,
VA. Foreign: Unknown.
BIOLOGY: According to Williams & Kosztarab
(1972), "The coccid may be found under the bark
of its host or on the twigs. In all cases known to
the authors, ants were associated with the coc-
cids. Crematogaster clara Mayr, often builds
protective coverings over the scale insects (Fig.
7). These coverings are made of particles of soil,
sand, and other debris cemented together form-
ing a 'tent' over the coccids. This covering pro-
tects the insects from parasites, predators, and
adverse weather conditions. The coccids are
bisexual, with mating taking place in early
September. The young are born ovoviviparously
during October and overwinter as second instar
nymphs." Apparently, 2 overlapping generations
occur per year.



















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 Map XLII. Distribution of Toumeyella virginiana.

ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE: This scale insect
has been found only in small populations and is
apparently not economically important.
REMARKS: In the past, T. virginiana may have
been confused with T. parvicornis and T. pini;
however, the 14-25 setae on each anal plate
readily separates this species from T. pini which
has 4 apical setae, and lacks dorsal aggregated
bilocular pores of T. parvicornis.
MATERIAL STUDIED: FLORIDA: Boca
Raton, 1(1), Pinus clausa, 10-VII-1980, C.
Culbreth; Geneva, 3(3), Pinus clausa,


27-VI-1979, W. J. Shirley; Kissimmee, 1(1),
Pinus elliottii, 10-V-1978, G. T. Smith; Lemon
Grove, 1(1), Pinus elliottii, 14-VIII-1979, J.
Felty & Z. Smith; Okeechobee, 1(1), Pinus
palustris, 28-X-1980, S. P. Beidler; Quincy, 1(1),
Pinus glabra, 5-V-1978, Q. Anglin; 2(2), Pinus
taeda, 5-VI-1978, Q. Anglin.




 Genus VINSONIA Signoret, 1872

 TYPE SPECIES: Coccus stellifera Westwood,
 1871.
 DESCRIPTION: Body of adult female covered
 by a star-shaped semi-transparent wax. Derm
 sclerotized in anal area and in cephalic region.
 Body setae small, acute. Submarginal tubercles
 absent. Filamentous ducts scattered over dor-
 sum. Anal plates each with 1 discal, 1 subdiscal,
 and 1 apical seta. Antennae 6-segmented, well
 developed but small. Legs well developed, usu-
 ally with tibia and tarsus fused into 1 segment.
 Quinquelocular pores in spiracular furrows.
 Multilocular pores confined to vulvar area.
 Tubular ducts absent. Marginal setae slender,
 acute, straight, or slightly curved. Spiracular
 setae in groups of 4-12, with dorsal-most setae
 largest.
 NOTES: Lindinger (1937:198), placed Vinsonia
 in synonymy with Ceroplastes, but other authors
 have accepted it as a distinct genus. The only
 representative in the genus is the stellate scale,
 Vinsonia stellifera (Westwood). The eggs are
protected by the body of the female until they
hatch.



 VINSONIA STELLIFERA (Westwood)

SYNONYMS: Coccus stellifera Westwood
 1871:3
 Vinsonia pulchella Signoret
 1872:34
 Coccus stellifera Westwood, Sig-
 noret 1877:608
 Vinsonia stellifera (Westwood),
 Douglas 1888:152, Green
 1909:280, DeLotto 1965:234,
 Dekle 1969:1
SUGGESTED COMMON NAME: stellate scale
FIELD DESCRIPTION: Adult female star-
shaped with 6 or 7 radiating arms of semi-
transparent wax (Fig. 101). The size of adult
females varies from 3.5-4.5 mm across the rays.