DISTRIBUTION: Map XXIV. AL, CA, DC,
GA, LA, MS, NH, NM, NY, SC, TX, VA.
Foreign: Bermuda, Colombia, Costa Rica,
Cuba, Dominican Republic, Grenada,
Guatemala, Guyana, Jamaica, Madeira, Mex-
ico, Panama, Puerto Rico, South Africa, Hon-
duras, Tobago, Trinidad, and Venezuela.


 Map XXIV. Distribution of Protopulvinaria pyrijormis.

BIOLOGY: In Florida, several overlapping
generations occur. Eggs are deposited under the
female, and the white wax fringe around the
posterior is a short ovisac. Pyriform scales prefer
the underside of leaves.
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE: Merrill (1953)
reported this scale insect as economically impor-
tant on avocado, gardenia, guava, and some or-
namentals in Florida.
REMARKS: In Florida, Protopulvinaria
mangiferae and Kilifia acuminata resemble
pyriform scale in the field. However, the longer
anal plates, when they can be observed, readily
separate pyriform scale from these species. Pro-
topulvinaria longivalvata Green in the Carib-
bean Islands and Central America can be con-
fused with P. pyriformis, but the longer marginal
and dorsal setae of P. pyriformis will separate
them.
MATERIAL STUDIED: FLORIDA: Apopka,
1(1), Hedera helix, 19-XI-1971, F. L. Ware,
1(1), Hedera helix, 29-VI-1972, G. T. Smith;
Coral Gables, 1(1) Brassaia actinophylla,


23-III-1973, K. Bedat; Miami Beach, 1(1),
Brassaia actinophylla, 21-XII-1973, W. S.
Brewton; Monticello, 1(1), Gardenia sp.,
5-XII-1972, R. H. Miller; Naples, 1(1), Fatsia
japonica, 10-II-1977, R. Driggers; Pine Hill,
1(1), Trachelospermum jasminoides,
24-VII-1972, F. L. Ware; Port Salerno, 1(1),
Bauhinia sp., 27-III-1979, E. W. Campbell.


Genus PSEUDOPHILIPPIA Cockerell, 1897

TYPE SPECIES: Pseudophilippia quaintancii
Cockerell, 1897.
DESCRIPTION: Body of adult female convex to
globular, often distorted because of crowding at
needle bases; with white cottony secretion cover-
ing body. Derm heavily sclerotized at maturity.
Dorsum with dense pattern of large invaginated
8-shaped tubercles and small monolocular ring
pores. Submarginal tubercles absent. Anal plates
with 4 apical setae, 3 subapical setae, anal fold
with 6 fringe setae. Anal ring with 8 setae.
Antennae greatly reduced, 6-segmented. Legs
greatly reduced without tibiotarsal sclerotiza-
tion. Quinquelocular pores in spiracular furrows
and vulvar area. Multilocular pores usually ab-
sent. Tubular ducts, if present, confined to anal
area. Hypopygial setae present. Marginal setae
short, bluntly pointed, indistinct. Spiracular
setae, if present, not different from marginal
setae.
NOTES: The only North American represent-
ative of this genus is Pseudophilippia quaintancii
Cockerell which is only found on pines. A discus-
sion of the generic status of Pseudophilippia as
well as descriptions of the immature stages and
adult male are presented in Ray and Williams
(1980).



 PSEUDOPHILIPPIA QUAINTANCII
 Cockerell

SYNONYMS: Pseudophilippia quaintancii
 Cockerell 1897:89
SUGGESTED COMMON NAME: woolly pine
scale
FIELD DESCRIPTION: Adult female oval to
hemispherical, 2.0-2.5 mm in diameter. Body
yellowish or light brown but covered with a pro-
fusion of fluffy, snow white wax (Fig. 66). Usu-
ally clustered at the base of pine needles.
DESCRIPTION: (Fig. 67) Adult females sub-
circular, 1.5-2.5 mm in diameter. DOR-