,--- I





 0 ,
 Map XXII Dtribtion of
Map XXII. Distribution of Parthenolecanium quercfex.


Fig. 60. Parthenolecanium quercifex, adult female with charac-
teristic humps, DPI Photo 701918-14.


BIOLOGY: Apparently very similar to P. corni.
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE: Not known to be
economically important in Florida.
NATURAL ENEMIES: Some of the parasites
listed by Peck (1963) and Krombein et al. (1979)
include Aenasioidea trimblei Dozier, PA; Coc-
cophagus lycimnia (Walker), cosmopolitan; and
Encyrtus peckhamii (Ashmead), NC.
REMARKS: Infrequently encountered in very
small numbers in FL. Because of the similarity of
this species to P. corni, only a pictorial separa-
tion is possible at this time. Future biosystematic
studies may change this.
MATERIAL STUDIED: Authentic material not
studied.


 Genus PROTOPULVINARIA
 Cockerell, 1894

TYPE SPECIES: Pulvinaria (Protopulvinaria)
pyriformis Cockerell, 1894.
DESCRIPTION: Body pyriform, more or less
acuminate in front, naked or with narrow fringe
of cottony secretion. Derm becoming sclerotized
at maturity. Dorsal body setae capitate. Sub-
marginal tubercles present. Anal plates ex-
tremely long. Anal ring with 10 setae. Anal cleft
extending to near center of body. Antennae well
developed, 7 or 8-segmented. Legs well
developed, with tibiotarsal sclerotization and
free articulation. Quinquelocular pores in
spiracular furrows. Multilocular pores in vulvar
area and in transverse rows on abdomen.
Tubular ducts scattered over most of venter,
most numerous in submarginal band around
body. One pair of large prevulvar setae.
Marginal setae fimbriate except few pointed near
anal cleft. Spiracular setae in groups of 3, medial
seta longer than laterals.
NOTES: Eggs are protected by a short ovisac or
under the body of the female until hatching.
Two species of Protopulvinaria are known from
the southeastern United States: P. mangiferae
and P. pyriformis.

 KEY TO SPECIES
 OF PROTOPUL VINARIA

1. Anal plates at least 4 times longer than
 wide; tubular ducts of 2 types, numer-
 ous submarginally.......... pyriformis
1'. Anal plates less than 3 times longer than
 wide; tubular ducts of 1 type, few sub-
 marginally ............... mangiferae