GEOGRAPHY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA 215

rather slowly, and many of them have crooked trunks. Shrubs and vines are abundant and herbs scarce. The vegetation on the whole is more ornamental than useful, and the soil is little used for agricultural purposes.
 Calcarcous high haimmocks (figs. 13, 40). Where there is enough limestone near the surface to influence the soil perceptibly the uplands commonly have vegetation similar in aspect to that just described, except for having more deciduous trees and fewer shrubs. This is a very common type in the hammock belt in Marion County, and is found also in the Gulf hammock region, around some sinks in the lime-sink region and Hernando hammock belt, and (less typically) near the Peace River in the southwestern flatwoods. The characteristic plants have been listed in the 7th Annual Report, pp. 172-175.




















 Fig. 40. Hammock on limestone rock at the fern' grottoes on the Withlacoochee River in southeastern corner of Citrus County, showing hackberry, live oak, magnolia, box elder, grape vines, etc. March 6, 1915.
 An extreme phase occurs where the limestone is nearly pure an( there is little. or no sand on top of it, for example around caves in Marion County and among the fern grottoes of southeastern* Citrus County (fig. 40). Some hammocks on the west side of

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