252 FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SUP VEY-THIRD ANNUAL REPORT.
SWAMPS BORDERING ESCAMBIA BAY.
The west side of Escambia Bay, in the county of the same name, from the mouth of the Escambia River for eight or ten miles southward, is bordered by bluffs of coarse pinkish sand, mottled clay, etc. (probably of Pliocene age), which are over loo feet high in many places. For about half their length these bluffs rise almost from the water's edge, in the manner of typical sea-cliffs, and are nearly bare of vegetation. In some places, however, especially where the line of bluffs is concave, the action of the waves and currents has been such as to build barrier beaches and cuspate forelands a few hundred feet or yards out from the bluffs. Where this is the case the bluffs are usually covered with dense vegetation of the sandy hammock type, and the water seeping out from them has given rise to non-alluvial swamps between bluff and beach.
On Sept. 20, 1910, I made a brief examination of such a swamp between Gaberonne and Bohemia, about six miles northeast of Pensacola. It is nearly a mile long, and crescent-shaped, the beach being slightly concave and the bluffs still more so. Its soil is designated as "Portsmouth sand" on the U. S. soil map of Escambia County, but it is really mostly peat, with a depth of at least four feet in some places.
The following plants were observed here.
TREES

Pinus Elliottii (slash pine) Magnolia glauca (bay)

Nyssa biflora (black gum) Acer rubrum (maple)

SHRUBS AND VINE%

Myrica cerifera (myrtle) Cyrilla racemiflcra (tyty) Smilax laurifolia (bamboo vine)

Vitis rotundifolia (muscadine) Decodon verticillatus Rhus Vernix (poison sumac)

HERBS

Panicum gibbum (a grass) Osmunda regalis (a fern) Jussiaea suffruticosa (in open places,
introduced)
Panicum verrucosum (a grass) Boehmneria cylindrica Bidens coronata

Eupatorium serctinum (introduced?)
Carex glaucescens Sagittaria latifolia (arrowhead) Triadenum Virginicum Cladium effusum (saw-grass) Scutella ia sp.