DISCUSSION BY COUNTIES

NASSAU COUNTY.
LOCATION AND SURFACE FEATURES.
Nassau County lies bordering the Atlantic Ocean in extreme northeastern Florida. The St. Marys River, taking its source in Okefinokee and other swamps along the Florida-Georgia boundary line, after flowing south and southeast until approximately on a parallel with the mouth of the St. Johns River, turns abruptly and flows directly north for a distance of 30 miles. From this point the river flows slightly south of east to the Atlantic. Nassau County occupies the northern and western part of the peninsula-like extension of Florida formed by the northward bend of this river, the northern and western boundaries of the county being formed by the river.
The surface is in general level or rolling. The highest elevation found within the county is near the western side where a flat topped ridge extends north and south lying only a few miles distant from the St. Marys River. Towns lying on this ridge are as follows: Boulogne, elevation 70 feet; Hilliard, elevation 66 feet; Crawford, elevation 85 feet; Kent, elevation 70 feet. Some places on this ridge may exceed ioo feet in elevation. Aside from this ridge no points are recorded in Nassau County having an elevation reaching 5o feet.
That part of the county east of this ridge, including fully two thirds of the county, is lower in elevation and is prevailingly of the open flatwoods type of soil.
WATER-BEARING FORMATIONS.
Up to the present time the identification of the age and character of the different strata encountered in drilling in Nassau County has been difficult owing to the fact that no complete set of well samples from any well in this county has been obtained. From an incomplete set of samples from the J. R. Wilson well at Callahan, kindly saved by the driller, Mr. H. C. Russell, it is seen that limestone was encountered at a depth of from 212-to 255 feet. The limestone was very hard and massive and no fossils were observed in the sample. Just above this stratum of rock is reported a twelve foot 'layer of sand and black pebbles and in fact these black pebbles were seen imbedded in the underlying limestone.