2 REPORT OF THE GOVERNOR OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS Company and began colonizing St. Thomas and St. John. St. Croiz was purchased from France in 1733. Except for a brief period of British occupation during the Napoleonic Wars, the Danes ruled these islands until 1917. Blessed by the Danish policy of neutrality and liberal trading laws, the Virgin Islands enjoyed a Golden Age of commerce and peaceful development. The fine harbor at Charlotte Amalie on St. Thomas became the hub of Caribbean shipping routes, and a booming trade with the New England States became the mainstay of the islands' economy. Sugar was king. Windmills for grinding cane dotted the plantation lands of St. Croix, St. Thomas, and St. John. Many of the massive masonry towers that supported the sails of these mills remain as silent sentinels from this bygone era. Some have been used as the central architectural structures of modern homes. Wealth also attracted the greedy, and the area became the hunting ground of many pirates, including the notorious Captain Kidd. Tra- dition has it that the Virgin Islands were spared the depredations of these pirates, but had to pay "protection" in the form of sanctuary and commercial privileges. Although sugar brought prosperity to the islands, the flourishing plantations were developed through the exploitation of slaves intro- duced in the 1680's from Africa. Twice, the slaves revolted at their cruel lot. Once, after a bloody mutiny on St. John, the slaves held that island for 6 months, until French forces came from Martinique to help the Danish masters. The story goes that the last surviving mem- bers of this "freedom fighter" band died by mass suicide, either by plunging over a tall cliff or by shooting themselves on the rugged north shore of the island. An enlightened Denmark finally abolished slavery in 1848, fifteen years before this step was taken officially in the United States. With slave labor gone, sugar decreased in commercial importance for the Virgin Islands. It became a marginal crop as compared with cane operations under the more favorable conditions in Cuba and elsewhere. The United States cast an interested eye on the Danish Virgin Islands during the American Civil War. A purchase agreement was negotiated, but fell through when the Senate refused to ratify it in 1870. Sporadic bargaining for the islands continued through the years, but it wasn't until World War I that the United States acted in earnest. German seizure could give the U-boats a base in the Carib- bean, so the United States bought the Danish Virgins for $25 million in 1917. On March 31, of that year, the U.S. Navy took over admin-