I. TOUSSAINT L'OUVERTURE. 271

 me, seeing that all was lost, embarked for France,
 he died, without leaving means for the interment of his

 ihambeau, on the brink of despair, made new efforts to
 Ia stop to the insurrection. He took special pains to with-
 b the ravages ol' Dessalines, whom in a proclamation he
 anod to dfog to death as the meanest of slaves. Men
 Jaughtd at tlh fully. Nevcrthelcss, he succeeded in pro-
 ing from the continual incursions of that brute the plain
 de-Sac, and Mirtbalais, which Iurnished provisions to Port-
SPripe. At the same time he guaranteed the environs of
f Cape from the frequent attacks of Christophe.
Meanwhile, Rochambeau experienced increasing difficulties
:the low t.ate of his cex,.hequcr. He sought remedies in stock-
bbing, and iu cxas.tions of all hinds. lie drew on the United
Wates bills to a very large amount, which his Government
ifsed to honor. He levied large contributions on cities that
Brp half ruined. Hle imprisoned opulent persons, who ob-
ined thiir lib-ratinn only by paying large sums of money.
ine had even to ginc up their property altogether. He at-
wnpted to ju.tify these rxacrrions by pleading the necessities
'the public serr i c. But he alienated the hearts of those who
rough iuterett remained attached to his party to such a de-
%e that, atler having lost a second army, destroyed thousands
)poor viLtims, and wasted much money, he fell into the same
te of dietre4-, misery, and abandonment as that inmhich
eclere was a short time before his death; with this difference,
at under the Jatter the South had not been polluted or devas-
ted by insen-ate pas&ious and internecine war.
Rochanbeau's etf rts to stay the insurrectinn were utterly
:we. Like a vast conflagration, it extended from the South to
le North. If it went out at one point, it blazed up in another.
Don the war changed its seat. Masters on land, the Afrioans
pnmenced hostilities on the seas, which they carried on the
pie advantaneously because. they were protected bythe Eng-
R. In light boats, with the aid of the tide and of oars, they