CANAL ZONE v. COULSON.

It is said (Downes v. Bidwell, 182 U. S., 246) that the civil government of the United States cannot extend immediately and of its own force, over territory acquired by war. Such territory must necessarily, in the first instance, be governed by the military power under the control of the President as commander-in-chief. * Indeed the practical interpretation put by Congress upon the Constitution has been long continued and uniform to the effect that the Constitution is applicable to territories acquired by purchase or conquest only when and so far as Congress shall so direct. * We are also of the opinion that the power to acquire territory by treaty implies not only the power to govern such territory, but to prescribe upon what terms the United States will receive its inhabitants, and what their status shall be in, what Chief Justice Marshall termed in the words, "American Empire."
The question before us for consideration has been so fully disposed of by the Supreme Court of the United States in the many decisions rendered as to the effect of the fifth, sixth and seventh amendments to the Constitution of the United States, that it is unnecessary to enlarge further.
There being no reversible error in the records presented in this case, the decision of the Circuit Court of the Second Judicial Circuit is affirmed.
The CHIEF JUSTICE concurred.
Alffrmed.

1907.

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