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occupation, sex, and marital status. The mean SES for clinic-referred families was 41.8 (D = 11.5) and ranged from 19.5 to 66.0. The mean SES for comparison families was 44.0 (D = 13.0) and ranged from 22 to 66. Means for both the clinic-referred and the comparison group fell within Hollingshead's (1975) Class II category, described as medium business, minor professional, and technical workers.
Fathers in both groups had typically graduated from high school and completed some college. In the clinic-referred group, 28 fathers were married and two fathers were single. Of the single fathers, one was sharing custody with the child's mother, and one was the child's primary caregiver. In the comparison group, 26 fathers were married, three were divorced, and one was single. Of the four unmarried fathers, three were primary caregivers and one was sharing custody of the child.
Measures
Screening Measures
Demographic
Demographic data was collected via a standard form. Fathers were asked to provide basic demographic information of family members including sex, age, race, occupation, and education level.
DSM-IV
The DSM-IV Structured Interview was conducted with fathers to determine whether children met the DSM-IV criteria for Oppositional Defiant Disorder (APA, 1994). In the interview, parents are asked to describe their child's behavior in terms of the symptoms that comprise Oppositional Defiant Disorder. Parents report the duration of