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groups following use of the module. In four of the five even, subtopic variables a significance at the .05 or .01 level was observed.
Since the Pupil Questionnaire was designed as the preand postassessment of the module, teachers were responsible for administering it. The T Test for Related Measures was used to test the significance of this instrument. Twentyfive classes with a total of 504 children were analyzed.
Mean Score Mean Score Stan. Error T Ratio d.f.
N Pretest Posttest of Diff.
25 29.0487 31.2167 0.689 3.145 24 H1
The null hypothesis was rejected since the t ratio 3.145 was significant at the .01 level. The results of this questionnaire gave evidence to support an affirmative answer to the question:
Did the use of these skills by teachers have any effect on student attitudes or learning?
The significant increase indicated that students rated their teachers higher on the posttest, indicating that they observed a change in behavior following the use of the module.