kinds of production, the production of final goods and

services may be increased (given full employment) and

with it, the demand for raw materials, the extent of

the increase in materials demand depending upon the

particular nature of the changes in technology and in

consumption patterns. More goods and services might be

produced per piece of material, but general increases

in production could impose material requirements almost

as high as before.

 If production were to increase as a result of a

greater availability of labor or capital or a change in

technology that was not resource saving (assuming the

increased production did not consist entirely of

services), an increased level of production could generate

an increased rate of materials use. In any case, it is

almost certain that an increase in production must

result in an increased rate of extraction and that certain

kinds of productive activities depend heavily upon a

continuing supply of particular materials.

 Finally, the provision of some services might

 be increased with little or no corresponding increase

 in materials production. Not all of what is called

 production requires the direct manipulation of material

 goods. The singing of a song or the delivery of fine

 oratory does not rely directly upon the "production" of

 physical things (although its transmission by electronic

 means might). An actor is productive; policemen,