37
mine. Of the leading manufactures of i860, the
production of flour and meal held first place with an
annual value of products of $2b8,580,365. Next came
cotton goods, far behind at $107,337,783, followed by
sawed lumber at $93,338,606, boots and shoes at $91,889,298,
and men's and women's clothing at a combined gross value
of $87,211,59^-
Cast, forged, rolled, and wrought iron combined
to a total gross value of $73,175,332 in i860, not as
high as sawed lumber but higher than liquors which
stood at $56,588,166.11 Four hundred and four iron
furnaces consumed about 1,579,309 tons of ore and
produced about 564,755 tons of pig iron, to be used
principally in the production of various kinds of rail
road eqiupment, iron wire, nails and spikes, rivets,
12
boiler plate, machinery, stoves and ranges and anchors.
Steel, used in the production of various kinds of
tools, springs for cars, carriages, and locomotives,
steel wire, nails and spikes, bolts, nuts, washers and
rivets, scales and balances, and the various products
used in blacksmithing, was produced in smaller quantities
even than iron.
^^U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the
Census, Manufactures of the United States in i860;
Conrpil_ed_From_the_Ori^inaJ^_Re_turns_of_the_Ei^hth_Censusm
(Washington, C.: Government Printing Office, 1865),
pp. 733-42.
12Ibid., pp. clxxviii-cxci.