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 control. These findings refute the predictions made about

 the emotional content of Experiment 2. Perhaps, since the

 subjects had already obtained a significant amount of

 dollars or lottery tickets (20 dollars or ticket) in

 Experiment 1, they were not as emotionally excited during

 Experiment 2.

 Another possible explanation could be related to the

 conservative nonparametric statistics used for analyses.

 The Wilcoxon Test is a conservative test when used with only

 one rating, due to the large number of ties in subject

 ratings.

 Group Differences in Emotional Responding

 As presented above, for the most part, heart rate and

facial EMG did not differentiate the shock and reward trials

from their respective controls. The only significant group

difference revealed in the heart rate analyses was that

during the shock condition that LHD group had significantly

greater decelerations during the control trials for block 2

of D2. These findings are of trivial theoretical

importance. The discussion below will focus on the SCR and

verbal report ratings.

 During the shock condition, RHD subjects had smaller

SCR than their respective controls. This replicates

previous findings (Meadows & Kaplan, 1994; Zoccolotti et

al., 1982; Heilman, et al., 1978). This finding is

supportive of both the global and bivalent theory of