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 quickly as possible, following the presentation of the tone

 to insure that the slide would be presented for a full 5

 seconds. The other group was told to just pay attention to

 the tones and the slides. The subjects who were given a

 response-set to react to had larger overall responses and

 greater deceleration than the group that did not have to

 react to the tone. Although the subjects were not asked to

 rate their emotional experience, the high interest slides

 are likely to be somewhat comparable to the anticipation of

 reward in the present study. In both studies, subjects are

 anticipating something with positive rather than negative or

 neutral valence.

 Skin conductance responding

 Unexpectedly subjects had greater responding during the

 reward-control trials compared to the reward trials. The

 meaning of this finding is unclear. One possible

 explanation is that subjects experienced the no-reward

 trials as frustrativee nonreward." Fowles (1988) and Tranel

 (1983) conceptualized the electrodermal system as an anxiety

 system that is influenced by punishment or frustrative

 nonreward. Since the subjects in this experiment are

 expecting to obtain dollars or lottery tickets as part of

 this task, the no-reward condition in the reward task may be

 experienced by the subjects as a frustrative non-reward

 situation. Specifically, perhaps the higher SCRs during the

no-reward trials is related to subject's feeling