Procedure

 At the beginning of each test session, there was

approximately a 5 minute adaption period during which the

recording electrodes had been applied and the subject

relaxed while sitting in a comfortable chair in a climate

controlled shielded room. Following this adaption period,

basic physiologic reactivity (HR, SCR) to a series of 24

tones, in 8 blocks of three with two tones at 400 Hz and one

at 100 Hz (each at 60 db for .5 seconds) was measured and

the course of orienting and habituation was assessed.

 The anticipatory anxiety paradigm adopted from Reiman

et al. (1989) to induce negative emotion and reward portion

of the study to evoke positive emotion were given

independently and the order in which they were given was

counterbalanced by subject for each group. For both the

anticipatory anxiety and anticipatory reward, there was 40

trials: 20 control and 20 experimental shock or reward

trials. Each trial began with a meditation period of 2 to 3

seconds, where subjects repeated the number one silently to

themselves, followed by one of four tones (between 500 and

1500 Hz for 1 second at 60db). Physiological measurements

were recorded during the last second of each baseline period

through the six second interstimulus interval and through

the six second stimulus and recovery period.