above studies of anticipation during nonaversive

anticipation (Simons, et al., 1979; Klorman & Ryan, 1980),

HR is primarily deceleratory.

Summary

 Psychophysiological measures of heart rate (HR), skin

conductance responding (SCR), corrugator electromyography

(CEMG), and zygomatic electromyography (ZEMG) have all been

used as indices of emotional psychophysiology. Alone, each

of these measures has been associated with various

psychological phenomenon. For example, SCR has been

associated with mental effort, attentive movements or

attitudes, painful stimuli, variations in respiratory rate,

along with emotional arousal and various other psychological

phenomenon Cacioppo & Tassinary, 1990). Increased heart

rate has also been associated with various psychological

phenomenon including startle, mental effort, and defensive

responding Cacioppo & Tassinary, 1990). In addition,

corrugatcr electromycgraphy has been associated with

concentration as well as unpleasant emotional experience

,Cacioo, e, t & Morris, 1985 .

 Because chances in heart rate, skin conductance, and

facial EMG have all been fiund to be associated with

psychological phenomenon other than emotional experience,

changes in one cf these variables is not necessarily

indicative of emotional experience. However, examination of

multiple variables over time has revealed specific