158 subjects, along with the normal controls reported the expected changes in verbal report of emotion, it can not be assumed that subjects perceived the emotional situation accurately. At the end of each 10-trial block, the experiment asked the subjects to rate their experiences by asking "When you heard the high tone, and you knew you were going to get a shock, how did you feel on this scale..." Using this method, it is unclear whether subjects reporting their actual subjective experiences during the situation or whether they were reported what they are "expected" to feel. Moreover, since the subjects were not required to respond in any way, it is unclear whether they were able to distinguish each tone on a trial by trial basis. However, all subjects were able to distinguish the pairs of tones before the onset of the experimental trials. Since subjects were not required to respond in any way to insure that they interpreted each anticipatory trial accurately, it is unclear whether the LHD and RHD subjects clearly understood the emotional context of the shock condition and reward conditions. As a consequence, the decrease SCRs in the RHD group and in most of the subjects from the LHD group, may be reflective of their inability to perceive the situation accurately on a trial by trial basis. A second possiblity is that brain damage, in general, causes a decrease in SCR during expected emotional arousal. This explanation is unlikely in light of the previous