114 reward and control trials. See Table C-51 in Appendix C for details. In sum, overall subjects reported greater pleasure, arousal, and dominance during the reward compared to the control trials. Additionally, none of the groups differed in their ratings during the reward or control trials. Shock versus reward In order to directly compare the change in emotional experience between the two stimulus and control conditions, the no-shock and no-reward control conditions were subtracted from their respective stimulus conditions. Thus, a new variable was created for each variable by subtracting the value during the shock condition from the value during the no-shock condition. Similar variables were created by subtracting the no-reward condition from the reward condition. These new variables were created in order to directly compare the change in each dependent variable between the stimulus and control condition in the shock task with the change between the stimulus and control condition in the reward task. Heart rate. As mentioned above, overall heart rate along with Dl, A1, and D2 were examined separately. Also, as in the heart rate analyses reported above, one subject was excluded from the LH NC group due to unusually high and variable heart rate change scores.