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while most research has been based on the assumption that immigrants
sought to become integrated into the majority culture. Bach (1978)
and Portes et al. (1980) present the conflict perspective theory. They
cite as examples groups such as the Cubans who prefer to remain as
ethnic enclaves to avoid discrimination and increase social and political
status. Emotional adjustment and host reception are very important
factors in the adaptational/assimilation process. Little work has been
done on the differences which women and children experience in this
process. Women have been viewed as typically the last to acculturate.
Little research exists on the causes of this tardiness. Smith's (1980)
work provides some provocative ideas regarding the females' need to
maintain traditional support networks for survival in the new culture.
The Metamorphosis from Cubans to Cuban-Americans
In surveying the available literature on Cubans in the U.S.,
Casal and Hernandez find in 1975 that ". .a sizeable bibliography
on Cuban exiles has accumulated over the last 15 years. What is
surprising is that most of it remains--because of limited acces-
sibility--almost 'underground'" (p. 25). Eliminating popular books
and articles, they found 163 nonduplicated entries, of which 1% were
scholarly books of wide distribution, 25% were articles appearing in
academic journals or government publications, and 19% were master's
or doctoral theses. Over half of their bibliography was limited
edition reports and special articles. Llanes' bibliography (1982),
one of the most extensive to be published recently, listed 152 entries,
20% from esoteric, not widely distributed sources. While it is beyond
the scope of this research to locate all articles and books on Cubans