37
 and Ddel variants detected with pB178, individual Old and New World

 European and African bees were analyzed.

 Sources of honey bees. Frequencies of variants and alleles in drones

were determined for the samples used for the variant and allele identification.

Worker larvae and pupae were collected from these same colonies in South

Africa, Honduras, and southern Mexico.

 Adults workers from Venezuela, collected between 1986 and 1988,

were provided by R. Hellmich Jr., J. Villa, A. Collins, and T. Rinderer, USDA-

ARS, Baton Rouge. Costa Rican samples were obtained in May 1989 from

apiaries at Cerro de la Muerte and San Isidro del General, by HGH with the help

of H. Arce and R. Dormond, National University, Heredia, Costa Rica. Five

colonies, maintained at 2200m to test resistance to African introgression at a

higher elevation had European mtDNA. Three colonies maintained at 700m had

African mtDNA. Samples from southern Mexico, near Tapachula, were

obtained in January 1988 by HGH from two managed apiaries and from feral

swarms captured in bait hives maintained by the Mexican agency Secretariat

of Agriculture and Hydrologic Resources (SARH). Feral worker samples from

northern Mexico, collected prior to the arrival of African bees, were provided

by W. Rubink and A. Collins, USDA-ARS, Weslaco. Some of the USA drones,

and all of the USA workers, were from a closed breeding colony in Arizona,

provided by J. Martin, G. Waller, G. Loper, and E. Erickson (Page, Erickson &

Laidlaw 1982; Severson, Page & Laidlaw 1986). Sources for additional USA