TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOW LEDGMENTS ................................... ii ABSTRACT .......................................... v INTRODUCTION ........ ......... ...................... 1 IDENTIFICATION AND GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF ALLELES AT LOCUS 178 ...................................... 5 Introduction ....... Materials and Methods Results ........... Discussion ........ ALLELE FREQUENCIES AT LOCUS 178 REVEAL HYBRIDIZATION OF EUROPEAN AND AFRICAN BEES IN THE NEOTROPICS ....... 36 Introduction ................................... Materials and Methods ............................ Results ... ........... ...... ....... .. .... ...... Discussion .................................... LOCALIZATION OF VARIATION AT LOCUS 178 IN Apis mellifera (L.) BY RESTRICTION MAPPING ........................... Introduction ................................... Materials and Methods ............................ Results .............. ..... ....... .. .. ....... .. Discussion .................................... CONCLUDING REMARKS ............................... LITERATURE CITED .................................. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH ............................... . 65 . 65 . 67 . 69 . 93 ..99 .103 . 111 Illllllil lijiil