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(Alternative Opportunities for Small Farms: Bulb Onion Production Review \
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[(variable costs comprise about 90%, while fixed costs)-4358(grown in rows wide enough to accommodate the)]TJ
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[(represent about 10% of total costs.)-11755(cultivation equipment.)]TJ
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[( Many soil types are suitable for onion production, but)-4297(Onions require moderate amounts of fertilizer for high)]TJ
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[(onions from sandy soils cure and store better. The soil pH)-2193(yields of large bulbs with the exact amounts determined by)]TJ
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[(F, little bolting is observed.)-14831(D)2(isease resistant varieties are available, but some)]TJ
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(Only short-day type onions are used for commercial)Tj
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(short days of winter but do not bulb until the days begin to)Tj
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(lengthen in late winter and early spring. Cooler)Tj
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(Varieties recommended for production in Florida)Tj
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(include \221Sweet Dixie\222, 'Grano 429', 'Savannah Sweet',)Tj
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('Sunex 1502', 'Granex 33', 'Texas Grano 502', 'Granex',)Tj
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(and 'Henry's Special.' These are all yellow-fleshed, mild)Tj
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(onions. Transplants are available from many commercial)Tj
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(plant producers in the southeast U. S., including Florida,)Tj
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(onions also compete better with weeds. However, Florida)Tj
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(onions can be direct-seeded about October. Direct seeding)Tj
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(is preferred over transplanting where high plant)Tj
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(populations \(greater than 100,000 plants per acre\) are)Tj
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(desired. However, direct-seeding should not be attempted)Tj
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(available.)Tj
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(Although most onions are hand transplanted, there are)Tj
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(machines which facilitate the process especially for larger)Tj
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(acreages. On poorly drained soils, beds are used to)Tj
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(increase water drainage. On deep sands, beds may not be)Tj
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(needed. Where chemical weed control is used, the onions)Tj
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(are planted in beds of narrow rows ranging from 4 to 8)Tj
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(rows per bed. Approximately 25 square inches of bed)Tj
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(surface should be provided for each onion plant. Where)Tj
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(chemical control will probably be required. Diseases)Tj
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(Fumigation prior to planting is an effective control for)Tj
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(placed in pallet boxes or drying wagons, taking care to)Tj
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(does not provide these dry conditions, some sort of forced,)Tj
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(heated air, might be needed. Commercial crop driers \(e.g.)Tj
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(the field to allow the neck and scales to dry. Instead of)Tj
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